Table of Contents
What does marijuana do to your brain
1. Main Active Compound:
- THC (Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol) is the primary psychoactive ingredient.
- CBD (Cannabidiol) is non-psychoactive and modulates some of THC’s effects.
2. Brain Targets:
- THC attaches itself to the brain’s CB1 receptors, which are a component of the endocannabinoid system.
- High CB1 receptor density in:
- Hippocampus (memory)
- Prefrontal cortex (decision-making)
- Amygdala (emotion)
- Cerebellum & basal ganglia (coordination and movement)
3. Short-Term Effects:
- Euphoria, altered senses, time distortion
- Impaired memory, attention, and motor coordination
- Increased appetite (“munchies”)
- Anxiety or paranoia at high doses
4. Long-Term/Chronic Use Risks:
- Adolescents: Brain development disruption, especially in memory and executive function
- Cognitive impact: Reduced motivation, learning difficulties
- Structural changes: Possible loss in grey matter volume in key regions
- Mental health: Elevated risk of anxiety, depression, psychosis (in vulnerable individuals)
- Dependence: Tolerance, withdrawal, and cannabis use disorder
5. Medical/Positive Effects (in controlled use):
- Pain relief, muscle spasm control, anti-inflammatory
- Reduction in seizures (CBD in epilepsy)
- Possible neuroprotective properties (mainly from CBD)
Summary:
Marijuana alters brain function by disrupting natural neurotransmission. It can impair cognition and emotional regulation, especially in young or heavy users, while offering potential therapeutic benefits in medical settings.
