Amsterdam operates under a unique cannabis tolerance policy that often causes confusion for visitors and residents alike, as marijuana remains technically illegal while certain forms of weed use are permitted in practice. Cannabis sales are tolerated in licensed coffeeshops, small amounts of personal possession are decriminalized, and medical marijuana is available through a separate prescription-based system, yet cultivation and wholesale supply remain prohibited under national law. This page explains Amsterdam’s current marijuana legality, including how the tolerance policy works, coffeeshop rules, possession limits, tourist access, and the legal gray areas that still exist. For readers who want to compare Amsterdam’s approach with cannabis laws elsewhere, see our comprehensive breakdown of cannabis regulations by location across U.S. states, major cities, and countries worldwide in the Cannabis Laws by Location guide.
Table of Contents
Is marijuana legal in Amsterdam
Legal Status
- Technically illegal under the Dutch Opium Act.
- Tolerated (decriminalized) for personal use under specific conditions.
Coffeeshops
- Licensed establishments allowed to sell cannabis.
- Sales limit: Up to 5 grams per person per day.
- Strict rules:
- No hard drugs.
- No sales to minors (under 18).
- No advertising.
- No public nuisance.
- Consumption inside coffeeshops is tolerated.
Possession
- Up to 5 grams for personal use: tolerated.
- More than 5 grams: illegal, can lead to fines or prosecution.
- Public use (streets, parks, near schools): prohibited in many areas, subject to fines.
Cultivation
- Illegal, including for coffeeshop supply.
- Up to 5 plants: may be confiscated, usually not prosecuted.
- Large-scale growing: criminal offense.
Tourist Access
- Tourists can buy and consume cannabis in Amsterdam coffeeshops.
- “Residents-only” rules apply in other Dutch cities, not enforced in Amsterdam (as of 2025).
Medical Marijuana
- Legal under prescription.
- Dispensed through pharmacies.
- Separate system from recreational use.
Key Issue
- “Backdoor policy” paradox: Retail sale is tolerated, but supply to coffeeshops is illegal.
Summary
Cannabis in Amsterdam is not legal but is tolerated under a strict policy. Coffeeshops may sell small amounts, personal possession is decriminalized, and tourists are currently allowed access. However, cultivation and wholesale supply remain fully illegal.
