Alabama maintains some of the strictest cannabis laws in the country, with recreational weed remaining illegal and only narrow medical allowances in place. Many residents are unsure what forms of marijuana are permitted, what penalties apply, and how the state’s medical cannabis program is structured. This page explains the current legal status of marijuana in Alabama, including recreational restrictions, medical use rules, and CBD legality. For readers who want to compare Alabama’s laws with other regions, explore our comprehensive overview of cannabis regulations by location—including U.S. states, major cities, and countries worldwide—in our Cannabis Laws by Location guide.
Table of Contents
Is marijuana legal in Alabama
As of May 2025, marijuana remains largely illegal in Alabama, with only limited exceptions for medical use under strict regulation. The state enforces harsh penalties for recreational cannabis possession, cultivation, and distribution.
Recreational Use
Recreational marijuana is illegal in Alabama. It is a misdemeanor to possess any amount for personal use, which carries a maximum jail sentence of one year and a fine of six thousand dollars.
A second offense, or possession with intent to distribute, is considered a felony and can lead to years of imprisonment and much higher fines. Cultivation is also illegal and treated as a felony, regardless of the number of plants.
Medical Marijuana
In May 2021, Alabama legalized medical marijuana with the passage of the Darren Wesley ‘Ato’ Hall Compassion Act. However, the implementation has been slow. Under this law:
- Patients with qualifying conditions (such as cancer, epilepsy, chronic pain, PTSD, etc.) may apply for a medical cannabis card.
- Only non-smokable forms (e.g., pills, oils, topical products, and suppositories) are permitted.
- Raw plant material, smoking, and edibles resembling candy are banned.
- Patients must receive a recommendation from a physician certified through the Alabama Medical Cannabis Commission (AMCC).
As of 2025, medical marijuana dispensaries are slowly becoming operational, but the program remains limited in reach and availability. Licensing for cultivators, processors, and dispensaries has faced delays due to litigation and regulatory challenges.
CBD and Hemp
Products derived from hemp with less than 0.3% THC, such as CBD oil, are legal in Alabama under both federal and state law, following the 2018 Farm Bill and Alabama’s adoption of industrial hemp regulations.
Conclusion
Alabama maintains strict anti-recreational marijuana laws, but medical marijuana is legal in limited, tightly controlled circumstances. Full legalization or decriminalization efforts have not gained legislative traction as of 2025.
